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Webster's English Dictionary

parity

n. [L. paritas, fr. par, paris, equal: cf. F. parit. See Pair, Peer an equal.]1. The quality or condition of being equal or equivalent; a like state or degree; equality; equivalence; close correspondence; analogy; as, parity of reasoning. (De Quincey.)

Equality of length and parity of numeration. (Sir T. Browne.)

2. (Finance) Equivalence in value to the currency of another country. ()

3. (Physics) A property assigned to elementary particles, conceptualized as a form of symmetry, representing the fact that no fundamental distinctions can be observed between right-handed and left-handed systems of particles in their interactions, and supported by the typical observation that the total parity of a system is unchanged as particles are created or annihilated; however, certain interactions involving the weak force have been shown to violate the principle of conservation of parity. ()

4. (Physics) A property of the wave function of a system, which takes the value of +1 or -1, indicating whether the value of the wave function changes sign if each of the variables of the system is replaced by its negative. ()

5. (Med.) The condition of having borne a child or children, alive or dead. ()

6. (Math.) The property of being even or odd; as, 3 has odd parity, but 6 has even parity. ()

7. (Computers) The property of having an even or odd number of bits set to the value of 1 (as opposed to 0); -- applied to bytes or larger groups of bits in a data structure. It is used mostly in the process of parity checking. The parity of a data structure can be changed by changing the value of the parity bit. ()